Tight Foreskin and Penis Size: What Parents Need to Know

I’m Worried About My Child’s Penis— Is It Normal?

As Australian GPs, we often speak to parents who are concerned about their child’s penis- whether the foreskin’s tight or the size seems small. It’s understandable to worry about future issues, like difficulties with urination, erections, or even sex later in life. Rest assured, here’s what’s normal, what’s not, and when to seek advice.

Organise a carer’s certificate —GPs available 365 days.

Understanding Penis Size in Kids

Penis size can feel like a big deal for parents, and it’s natural to wonder if your child’s development is on track. For newborns, the average stretched length is 28–40 mm (1.1–1.6 inches), with a circumference of 9–13 mm (0.35–0.5 inches). If it’s under 19 mm, it might suggest micropenis, but don’t stress—sizes vary widely, and most children develop normally (how to correctly measure is detailed below).

A smaller penis doesn’t automatically affect fertility down the line. If you’re worried though, a GP can take a look. Kids grow at their own pace, and what seems small now might be perfectly fine later. But if there’s a genuine issue, they can refer you for a check up to a paediatrician or paediatric urologist.

Tight Foreskin in Kids (Phimosis)

Tight foreskins are common in young boys:

• In newborns, the foreskin rarely slides back over the penis head.
• At 10, most still can’t retract it fully.
• By 16, it’s usually retractable for the vast majority.

After retracting at any age, it is important to slide it back to the tip, as leaving it pulled back can lead to painful swelling (paraphimosis).

If the foreskin is too tight (phimosis), you might notice:

• Difficulty or spraying when peeing.
• “ballooning” of the tip during urination.
• Skin infections around the penis.
• Rarely, kidney issues if severe and untreated.
• Pain during sex if it persists into adulthood.

What to Do About a Tight Foreskin?

Mild cases often improve with topical creams or ointments which can be prescribed by your GP. If it’s persistent or severe, circumcision (a straightforward surgery to remove the foreskin) might be recommended.

Other Penis Worries to Watch For

Webbed Penis

This is when the scrotum is attached along the penis shaft. It’s usually not a health concern but may need a minor surgical fix for appearance, comfort or function.

Buried or “Trapped” Penis

In this situation, the penis is tucked into a fat pad. It may be a result of obesity or inflammation. If you press the skin, it will usually pop out. Many children outgrow it without issue, though surgery’s an option if it doesn’t resolve. It can lead to increased urinary tract infections in some cases, as well as issues with function.

A buried or trapped penis can happen following a circumcision, due to a reduction in the amount of penile skin- if it occurs in this setting, you should discuss it with your specialist.

Micropenis

Micropenis is rare, affecting only 1-2 in 10,000 newborn babies. See the table below for normal penis size based on a child’s age, and measurement technique, Less than 19mm length is considered a micropenis. If a child’s penis is unusually small, it could point to hormonal or genetic factors, so you should speak to your GP. Testosterone treatment can help, though in some cases the condition may persist into adulthood. Whilst people can benefit from micropenis treatment at any age, early diagnosis and treatment in infancy has the best outcome.

Absent Penis (Aphallia)

This is extremely rare (about 1 in a million), so it’s very unlikely. It is generally picked up at the time of birth. If you’re concerned, you should take your child to see a doctor immediately.

Normal Penis Size (And How to Measure It)

To measure correctly, you take the tip, stretch it gently, and measure from the pubic bone to the tip with a rigid ruler- pressing firmly to push aside fat. Here’s what’s typical:

What’s Normal for Newborns?

Newborns average 28–40 mm, but under 19 mm might indicate a micropenis. Not keen to measure? Ask your GP who can step in to assess your child.

When to Chat with a GP

If tight foreskin, small size, or an unusual shaped penis has you worried, don’t hesitate- speak to your local GP or paediatrician. They’ll assess your child’s health, measure if necessary, and may suggest tests (like hormone checks). Treatment may involve a “wait and see” approach, topical creams, testosterone, or surgery in some cases. And, depending on the specific condition, referral to a paediatrician, urologist or endocrinologist may be advised.

Need a specialist referral? Qoctor’s GPs are here with same-day appointments and Aussie expertise.

Useful Links

• Royal Children’s Hospital – Phimosis (tight foreskin)
• Healthdirect – Micropenis
• Better Health Channel – Circumcision