Overview

Lactose intolerance is a common digestive disorder where the body is unable to properly digest lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. This condition occurs due to a deficiency in lactase, an enzyme produced in the small intestine that is necessary for breaking down lactose into glucose and galactose, which can then be absorbed into the bloodstream.

Symptoms of lactose intolerance typically appear within a few hours of consuming dairy products and include bloating, diarrhoea, abdominal cramps, gas, and nausea. The severity of symptoms can vary based on the amount of lactose consumed and the individual’s level of lactase deficiency.

Lactose intolerance can be diagnosed through several methods, including a lactose tolerance test, hydrogen breath test, or stool acidity test, especially in children.

Management of lactose intolerance primarily involves dietary changes. Individuals may choose to limit or avoid lactose-containing foods, use lactose-free dairy products, or take lactase enzyme supplements to aid digestion. It’s important for those with lactose intolerance to ensure they still receive adequate calcium and vitamin D from other sources, such as fortified foods or supplements.