Overview

Slapped cheek syndrome, also known as “fifth disease” or erythema infectiosum, is a common viral infection in children caused by Parvovirus B19. It is characterised by a distinct bright red rash on the cheeks, giving the appearance of a “slapped cheek.” This rash may spread to the body, arms, and legs, appearing as a pink, lacy pattern. Other symptoms can include a mild fever, runny nose, headache, and sore throat.

The virus spreads through respiratory secretions, such as saliva, mucus, or droplets from coughs and sneezes. It is most contagious before the rash appears, when symptoms resemble those of a common cold.

Slapped cheek syndrome typically resolves on its own without the need for specific treatment. Ensuring the child gets plenty of rest, fluids, and paracetamol or ibuprofen for fever and discomfort can help manage symptoms. Adults can also contract the virus, which may cause more severe symptoms, particularly in those with weakened immune systems or certain blood disorders.

Pregnant women exposed to parvovirus B19 should seek medical advice as the infection can, in rare cases, affect the unborn baby. In some cases, your doctor may have checked your immunity when doing your baseline pathology tests in early pregnancy- if not, your status can be checked quickly, with a blood test.