HSV-1 (the Herpes Simplex Type 1 virus) primarily causes oral herpes, which is commonly known as “cold sores”. These are blisters that appear on the lips or around the mouth. The virus is highly contagious and can be transmitted through direct contact with an infected person’s skin or saliva. Once infected, the virus remains in the body for life, staying dormant in nerve cells . It can reactivate, leading to recurrent outbreaks. Symptoms during an outbreak include tingling, itching, and soreness around the mouth followed by the appearance of blisters. Sometimes people can get outbreaks of HSV-1 in other areas of the body, including the genital region. While treatment is not always required, antiviral medications can reduce symptom severity and frequency of outbreaks for some people. Preventative measures include avoiding direct contact with cold sores and maintaining good personal hygiene.