Genital Herpes is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). There are two forms– HSV1 and HSV2. HSV1 usually affects the mouth, as a cold sore, but it can also occur in the genital region. HSV2 usually infects the genital area.

Around 1 in 8 people carry the genital herpes virus (HSV2) – but 80% may be entirely unaware they have it. It can be difficult to tell when a person first became infected as the symptoms may not start for weeks, months or years- and many people never get symptoms at all!

Pregnant women with a history of genital herpes should tell their antenatal care provider, as HSV can be passed on to the baby during childbirth, leading to serious illness, though this is rare.

How do I know I have genital herpes HSV2?

As mentioned above, many people do not realise they have been infected and are “silent carriers”. The first episode of herpes can cause a lot of pain, with small intensely painful blisters around the genital area (these break down and form shallow ulcers, which scab and heal over the following weeks). The pain can be very sharp (patients often say it feels like “sitting on glass”) and there may be redness and swelling in the genital area. Some people may have difficulty passing urine (if this happens it is important to seek medical attention).

What is the treatment for genital herpes?

Unfortunately, there is no medication that cures your body of the herpes virus, but there are treatments that ease symptoms and reduce flare-ups. Ice packs, cool salt water baths and painkillers may help during a flare-up. Local anaesthetic gel can be used to numb the area a little-this is available from your pharmacist. Antiviral medicines can reduce the severity of an episode if taken early enough in the episode, and require a prescription from a doctor.

What prevents HSV2 infection?

Using condoms during sex reduces the risk of catching Genital Herpes, and using a lubricant with a condom further reduces the risk (as it helps to lessen trauma to the genital skin during sex). Silicone-based lubricants are recommended but they may be less commonly available.
For people who have frequent episodes of Genital Herpes, a daily dose of antiviral medication can help to reduce the risk of passing it on to a sexual partner.

For more information regarding assessment and treatment for genital herpes, sexual health and contact tracing, speak to your GP or log on to the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre.